——移情反应别人的收益和损失：电生理研究

浙江大学管理学院 沈强等关于共情的研究发现，当当事人不参与风险投资，仅观察朋友和陌生人投资时，对朋友得失的神经反应要显著强于对陌生人的神经反应（对朋友的情感涉入度更高、共情水平更高）。而当当事人自己也参加同样的风险投资时，则他/她观察朋友和陌生人投资的得失时，神经反应没有显著差异。该研究成果获得了同行专家的高度认可，论文发表在神经科学权威期刊NeuroImage .

abstract

A growing number of studies in exploring empathic modulation have revealed the neural substrates of how social stimuli are represented in the human brain, especially the pain of others. The empathic response of observing other's gains and losses, however, remains not clearly characterized. In the current study, we carried out two experiments with a gamble task to investigate how the effects of interpersonal familiarity and self-participation work on modulating the temporal neural response towards gain and loss of a friend or a stranger using scalp-recorded event-related potentials (ERPs). The electrophysiological data show an increased amplitude of the P300 when observing a friend's performance compared to strangers playing the game in both two experiments. But the distinction of differentiated feedback-related negativity (d-FRN) between friends and strangers was only observed when the player was not involved in the game. These results indicated that the participants exerted more motivational relevance toward their friends than strangers, but the participants’ empathic response toward friends was only salient when they were not involved in the gamble directly. Therefore, both familiarity and self-engagement are factors that influence the empathy towards others, complementing the recent research on empathic modulation.

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